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Photo:

Val Bochkov

Summer is a time of family trips and outings. Figuring out a plan that suits everyone can be tricky. It pays to involve children in the decisions—without giving them too much control.

Taking part in family decision-making teaches children valuable skills. They learn to advocate for what they want, listen to others’ wishes and make compromises. But parents who have ceded some decision-making to their children warn there are right and wrong ways to do it.

The Johnson family of Denver is planning a car trip to western Colorado this summer.

Amber Johnson

says her daughter Hadley, 12, persuaded the family to go jet-boating, racing over the Colorado River at speeds of up to 40 miles an hour in boats driven by professionals.

It’s a plan Ms. Johnson and her husband Jamie would never have chosen for the family. But Hadley sees children’s museums as cheesy. “I’m kind of growing up and everything,” Hadley says. “I’m a little more crazy and adventurous than museums.”

Bode, 10, says he was nervous at first about jet-boating. But Ms. Johnson reassured him that the boats have seat belts and life jackets. Now he’s on board with the plan. “I think I might actually learn something, including having a positive attitude and being willing to do new things,” he says.

Giving the children a voice keeps them excited and interested, Ms. Johnson says. It also means suffering through their mistakes. Bode and Hadley picked a hotel online for a road trip last summer because it had a big pool, says Ms. Johnson, editor of Mile High Mamas, an online community. She suggested they might want to do more research, but “they jumped on it because it looked really fun,” Ms. Johnson says.

When they arrived, the pool was closed for renovation. Ms. Johnson sees such “soft failures,” or missteps with minor consequences, as learning experiences. “We would call ahead and do more research” next time, Hadley says.

Jamie and Amber Johnson of Denver, shown at Arches National Park in Utah in 2016, allow their children Hadley, second from left, and Bode to have a voice in vacation planning.

Jamie and Amber Johnson of Denver, shown at Arches National Park in Utah in 2016, allow their children Hadley, second from left, and Bode to have a voice in vacation planning.



Photo:

The Johnson family

Internet savvy helps children gain influence because they can research travel options online with ease.

Jack Ezon,

president of Ovation Vacations, a New York City travel agency, says clients bring children as young as 7 or 8 to planning sessions. Mr. Ezon recalls one 12-year-old who made a convincing argument for his family to fly Emirates Airline because of its business class.

Parents can channel that kind of energy by setting spending limits or offering acceptable choices and letting children research and advocate for the ones they want, says

Sean Grover,

a New York City psychotherapist who works with children and teens. Parents should make the final decision, says Mr. Grover, author of “When Kids Call the Shots.”

When Your Child Is Your Travel Agent

Tips for the best ways to let the youngest members of the family help plan a vacation.

DO:

  • Offer choices of acceptable activities or destinations.
  • Let children advocate for plans they want.
  • Keep control of final decisions.

DON’T:

  • Give in to demands that violate your goals or budget.
  • Make decisions when you’re stressed or rushed.
  • Allow one child always to take the lead.

Gina Luker

of Lawrenceburg, Tenn., and her husband Mitch enjoy attending live concerts with their four children, ages 17 to 26. They allowed their youngest daughter, Hannah, to choose the most concerts, including Fall Out Boy, says Ms. Luker, editor of a blog on food, crafts and decorating. Ms. Luker stopped saying yes two years ago when Hannah, then 15, no longer seemed grateful or excited over VIP passes to meet her favorite bands.

Now 17, Hannah appreciates that her parents let her have a voice but also set limits. Being allowed to drive family decision-making “gave me a big head,” she says. “Parents have to walk a fine line: They shouldn’t be afraid to say no, but they also need to say yes sometimes, so teens don’t feel trapped” in a world of their parents’ making.

Parents should model good decision-making for small children and give them a small but growing role as they go through school, says

Dave Anderson,

a clinical psychologist with the Child Mind Institute, a nonprofit mental-health organization in New York City. He advises parents to progress through “I do, we do, you do” stages of coaching from childhood through the teen years, with a goal of instilling independent decision-making skills.

Among those skills are listening to others’ ideas, accepting compromises and being open to new experiences, says

Eileen Ogintz,

founder of Taking The Kids, a website on family travel. “Maybe one kid is all about the thrill rides and another kid is a foodie. You can allow each of them to have a voice, and then they’re each exposed to something new,” Ms. Ogintz says.

Yana and Raul Gutierrez of Montclair, N.J., shown at Machu Picchu in Peru in 2016 with their children Maya, second from left, and Marcos, right, give their children choices when choosing travel destinations.

Yana and Raul Gutierrez of Montclair, N.J., shown at Machu Picchu in Peru in 2016 with their children Maya, second from left, and Marcos, right, give their children choices when choosing travel destinations.



Photo:

The Gutierrez family

Yana and

Raul Gutierrez

ask their children Marcos, 13, and Maya, 11, for travel ideas, “but my husband and I always have veto power” and insist on destinations where the children can learn about geography or other cultures, says Ms. Gutierrez, of Montclair, N.J. They agreed to Maya’s request to visit China two years ago because they’d already been planning to travel there at some point, Ms. Gutierrez says. While both children were excited about seeing pandas, they learned “how much more China has to offer than pandas.”

When Marcos asked to visit Fiji after seeing ads for an underwater hotel there, his parents said no because the family traveled to the South Pacific last year. They gave Marcos and Maya a say in planning a trip to Indonesia this summer, however. The family is looking forward to snorkeling, hiking volcanoes and visiting temples.

Work & Family Mailbox

Q: I liked your column on why parents yell at their children and how it affects them. Could you provide more information from the research?—D.S.

A: Psychologists are discovering that parents who inflict harsh discipline on their children are often so overwhelmed by emotion and stress that they misinterpret children’s behavior and forget everything they know about good parenting.

This response, called emotional flooding, makes parents willing to do almost anything to make the behavior stop. They may yell even when they know a firm but gentle response would work better, according to a 2016 study of 97 mothers and their toddlers. They also tend to focus on a child’s negative behavior and ignore any positive actions, a 2014 study shows.

This loss of control has consequences. Harsh discipline of children and teens is linked to more misbehavior, anxiety and depression in the children, according to recent studies. One of those studies suggests verbal abuse is fairly common. Nearly half of 976 participating parents reported having yelled at their middle-schoolers in the preceding year.

Write to Sue Shellenbarger at sue.shellenbarger@wsj.com